The electrical system supplies electrical energy, which is converted to light in the
lamp
by
incandescence
or discharge, depending on the type of lamp. The main components of the electrical system are the electric
connector
(plug), the wiring and the conductive components of the
lamp
base and lamp.
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The optical system condenses the
luminous flux
produced by the
lamp
into a powerful light
beam
which can be directed towards the stage. The optical systems of most theatrical luminaires consist of reflectors and lenses. Optical systems provide control over light
pattern
i.e. beam angle,
beam
shape and light distribution. It is also possible to control of the color of light by employing subtractive color filters installed in front of the luminaire.
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The mechanical system integrates and supports the electrical and optical systems, making their operation possible. The basic mechanical system consists of the body, which serves as a chassis for the electrical and optical systems and includes slots for accessories, and a
yoke
for hanging the luminaire and aiming it in the required direction. Most luminaires have mechanical systems which enable adjustment of the relative positions of reflector,
lamp
or lens. Other
accessories
can be added to the luminaire, such as barndoors, flags, top-hats, drop-in masks or gobos, irises, color frames, color changers and so on. |
| The electric system, wiring,
lamp
base and lamp |
|
The
optical system
– reflector, light source, and lenses |
|
The mechanical system – chassis,
yoke
and accessories |
